TOLUCA, ESTADO DE MÉXICO, 22 de agosto (AlmomentoMX).- Para eliminar la violencia política hacia las mujeres es necesario reestructurar los roles tradicionales de género y trabajar en una verdadera igualdad desde la educación y desde un cambio cultural de la sociedad, afirmó María Aidé Hernández García, quien, junto con Jesús Alberto Rodríguez Alonso, coordinó el libro ¿Es la paridad una realidad en los Congresos estatales?, publicado por Grupo Editorial Grañen Porrúa.
El texto, explicó la autora, profesora-investigadora de la División de Derecho, Política y Gobierno de la Universidad de Guanajuato, presenta un panorama y un balance general del país en materia de paridad de género en los Congresos locales durante el periodo 2015- 2018, a través del análisis de las Legislaturas de 11 estados: Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Estado de México, Distrito Federal, Puebla, Guerrero, Oaxaca y Campeche.
La presentación del libro en el salón Benito Juárez del recinto del Poder Legislativo del Estado de México fue organizada por la diputada de morena María Elizabeth Millán García, en coordinación con la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEMéx).
En un análisis comparativo, el estudio deja ver que la participación de las mujeres en el Poder Legislativo va en aumento, y permite analizar lo que hace falta respecto del perfil de las diputadas y diputados, la distribución del poder y el desempeño legislativo.
Entre los aspectos señalados por María Aidé Hernández destaca el hecho de que sí hay un avance en los Congresos en cuanto a la paridad de género, pero todavía con muchos retos, pues las mujeres enfrentan desigualdad en el trato, se les exige más en su aspecto físico que a los hombres y reciben críticas más severas de sus propias compañeras que de sus compañeros, por lo que, en este aspecto, se presenta otro reto: fomentar la solidaridad de género.
Respecto al perfil de las y los legisladores, la investigación encontró que las mujeres en los Congresos analizados son más jóvenes que los hombres, tienen menor experiencia laboral y su grado de escolaridad es similar; las mujeres tienen más experiencia como regidoras y síndicas y un mayor trabajo en sus partidos políticos, pero no en presidencias municipales ni diputaciones federales, como sí la tienen los hombres.
Sobre la distribución del poder en las Legislaturas, hizo notar que las dirigencias de las Juntas de Coordinación Política siguen estando a cargo de hombres, de ahí que un reto principal sea lograr equidad en este renglón, y aunque la mayoría de las mesas directivas son presididas por mujeres, puntualizó que estos órganos parlamentarios tienen una menor incidencia en los asuntos del Legislativo.
A propósito del desempeño legislativo, detalló que hay más trabajo femenino al momento de generar iniciativas, pero en las comisiones legislativas se sigue distribuyendo por roles de género, pues las presidencias injerencia trascendental son encabezadas por hombres y las mujeres trabajan principalmente en las enfocadas a la infancia o educación.
Al comentar el libro, Norma Baca Tavira, investigadora del Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales de la UAEMéx, aseguró que la desigualdad de género persiste pese a la Ley de Paridad, por lo que se requieren mayores esfuerzos, acciones afirmativas y menor resistencia machista para garantizar congresos y ayuntamientos paritarios”.
Por su parte, Silvia García Fajardo, docente de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, también de la UAEMéx, aseguró que en la entidad persisten las desigualdades de género, especialmente en la distribución del poder, ya que las diputadas no están en los cargos más relevantes, y señaló, como desafíos adicionales para los Congresos , el uso de un lenguaje incluyente y no sexista, la capacitación con perspectiva de género dentro de los partidos políticos, eliminar la violencia política, formular una agenda de género moderna y erradicar estereotipos y prejuicios al momento de legislar.
Finalmente, Susana Romero Padilla, egresada de la licenciatura en Ciencias Políticas, aseguró que se requiere voluntad política y de conciencia de género en las y los legisladores para darse cuenta de los obstáculos que tienen su origen en los estereotipos de género, y llamó a tomar conciencia de las diversas formas de discriminación y de los diferentes tipos de violencia contra de las mujeres, a fin de combatirlos.
AM.MX/fm
The post Transformación cultural para eliminar la violencia política de género, sugiere María Aidé Hernández appeared first on Almomento.Mx.
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